FC Barcelona's Spanish midfielder Aitana Bonmati was crowned the best female footballer in the world for the second time, while Manchester City's Spanish midfielder Rodri won the Ballon d'Or for the best male player.
Rodri beat Brazil's Vinicius Jr and England's Jude Bellingham, both from Real Madrid, to win the prestigious award.
Real Madrid had decided to boycott the ceremony in anticipation of Vinicius not winning the men's award.
No member of the club was present when he won the Club Man of the Year award and his manager Carlo Ancelotti was named coach of the year.
Bonmati won the Ballon d'Or for the second consecutive year. He scored 19 goals in four competitions - Liga F, Champions League, Super Cup and Copa de la Reina - all won by Barcelona.
"I always say it's not something you can do alone, I'm very lucky to be surrounded by great players who help me continue to become a better player," said Bonmati during the award ceremony in Paris.
Her compatriot Jennifer Hermoso received the Socrates Award for her role in the fight for women's rights in football and her courageous stance against sexism in sport.
Barcelona won the trophy for the best women's club, while Emma Hayes became the first women's manager of the year after guiding Chelsea to their fifth successive Women's Super League title.
Rodri, who is winning the award for the first time, was instrumental in helping his side win an unprecedented fourth consecutive Premier League trophy last season. He was also voted the best player in this year's European Championship as Spain won a record fourth title.
The 28-year-old from Madrid is the first defensive midfielder to win the Ballon d'Or since Lothar Matthaus in 1990 and the third Spaniard to win the award after Alfredo Di Stefano (1957 and 1959) and Luis Suarez (1960).
While the award has been dominated by Spanish league players, no Spaniard has won the Ballon d'Or since Barcelona great Luis Suarez more than 60 years ago, despite Spain's Copa-winning "golden generation" World Cup 2010, 2008 and 2012 euros.
But Rodri, the player who Pep Guardiola, the City manager, called "the best midfielder in the world", ended this streak with a unique skill set that made his club the dominant force in England and helped Spain to rule Europe again.
"Today is not a victory for me, it is a victory for Spanish football, for many players who did not win and who deserved it, like (Andres) Iniesta, Xavi (Hernandez), Iker (Casillas), Sergio Busquets, many others. "It's for Spanish football and the figure of the midfielder," said Rodri on stage.
Rodri became the third person other than Lionel Messi or Cristiano Ronaldo to win the award since 2008. It was the first time since 2003 that neither Messi nor Ronaldo appeared in the final list of 30 nominees.
Rodri's national team-mate Lamine Yamal won the Kopa trophy for the best under-21 player after helping Spain achieve a perfect season at Euro 2024, winning all seven games en route to the trophy.
England captain and Bayern Munich forward Harry Kane and France and Real Madrid forward Kylian Mbappe shared the Gerd Muller trophy for top goalscorer, while Aston Villa goalkeeper and Argentina's Emiliano Martinez was voted the best goalkeeper.
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